This study aimed to distinguish five native forest species of the Caatinga Biome from the exotic invasive algaroba (Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC.), considering dendrologic characteristics of bark and wood, in order of providing subsidies for the inspection of the wood market in this Biome. The native species studied were jurema-preta (Mimosa tenuiflora (Willd.) Poir.), angico branco (Anadenanthera colubrina var. colubrina (Vell.) Brenan), angico vermelho (Anadenanthera colubrina var. cebil (Gris.) Alts.), aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allem) and braúna-do-sertão (Schinopsis brasiliensis Engl.). Studied species were recognized using dendrology identification records, containing characteristics of bark, heartwood and sapwood coloration; and the organoleptic proprieties like color, smell and taste, used for safe wood logs identification. The macroscopic characteristics, organized in dichotomous key, allowed the differentiation among the species, available in logs, during inspection.
